STEM-CHANGING (RADICAL-CHANGING) VERBS UNIT:PRINCIPLES AND ANALYSISREAD BOTH OBSERVATIONS FIRST, FILLING IN THE BLANKS AS YOU READ.
THEN STUDY THE MODEL VERBS GIVEN.
NEXT, CONSTRUCT FLASHCARDS ACCORDING TO THE DIRECTIONS.
FINALLY, COMPLETE THE WORKSHEETS CAREFULLY AND CLEARLY.
OBSERVATION ONE: BASICS ALREADY STUDIED:
A. The starting point for verb usage is the INFINITIVE. Examples were: CANTAR,COMER, VIVIR.
B. Each INFINITIVE has two parts: the STEM and the ENDINGS INDICATOR. For CANTAR, the STEM is CANT and the INDICATOR is AR.
For COMER, the STEM is and the INDICATOR is .
For VIVIR, the STEM is and the INDICATOR is .
C. The stems for previously studied verbs WILL NOT CHANGE because they are regular verbs. Only verbs designated as STEM-CHANGING VERBS will change as in Observation Two.
OBSERVATION TWO: BASICS FOR STEM-CHANGING VERBS:
A. DROP THE ENDINGS INDICATOR FIRST!
B. VERIFY THE KIND OF CHANGE INDICATED FOR THE STEM: E>IE, O>UE, U>UE, or E>I.
C. AFTER DROPPING THE INDICATOR, CHANGE THE LAST VOWEL AS INDICATED,
EXCEPT IN THE NOSOTROS ("WE") FORM.
This form should NEVER be changed in this unit. In other words, when a verb ends with AMOS,EMOS, or IMOS, there should NOT be a STEM CHANGE.
D. ADD THE APPROPRIATE ENDING, ACCORDING TO THE SUBJECT.
MODEL VERBS: FIND EACH VERB ACCORDING TO THE CHART BELOW:
PENSAR SUGERIR VESTIR DORMIR CERRAR SENTIR CONSEGUIR PODER EMPEZAR QUERER SEGUIR MORIR ENTENDER REPETIR VOLVER LLOVER PERDER PEDIR ALMORZAR ENCONTRAR PREFERIR SERVIR CONTAR JUGAR Card construction:
FRONT: large in English: example: TO THINK
BACK: smaller: .......... example: pensar e>ie
.......... .......... .......... .......... .......... pienso
.......... .......... .......... .......... .......... piensas
.......... .......... .......... .......... .......... piensa
.......... .......... .......... .......... .......... pensamos
.......... .......... .......... .......... .......... piensan