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Prepositions and prepositional phrases which are most often used with ESTAR:
a at,to
al lado de at the side of
alrededor de around
cerca de near
con with
de of,from
debajo de below,beneath
delante de in front of
dentro de inside of
detrás de in back of (behind)
en in,on,at
encima de on top of
enfrente de in front of (facing)
fuera de outside of
junto a next to
lejos de far
sin without
sobre on,over
VARIABLE USES BY CONTRASTING USES:
1. La chica es fea. The girl is ugly. (born ugly, and never got any better looking)
La chica está fea. The girl is ugly. (she didn't get enough beauty sleep last night) 2. La torta de Juana es dulce. Jane's cake is sweet. (this type of cake is always sweet)
La torta de Juana está dulce. Jane's cake is sweet. (her usual cakes are really cruddy) 3. Soy listo. I am CLEVER.
Estoy listo. I am READY. 4. Juan es un muchacho muy vivo. John is a very lively boy.
Juan está un muchacho muy vivo. John is alive. 5. Maruja es joven. Maruja is young.
Maruja está joven. Maruja is immature. 6. La manzana es verde. The apple is green. (always green, even when ripe)
La manzana está verde. The apple is green. (it is unripe)
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